一、定语从句
定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词,被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句需用下列关联词：关系代词,关系副词起连词作用,本身做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语 起连词作用,本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语 who, whom, that, whose, which, as when, where, why.
①（名词或代词） is the kind of （person/place/thing…） who （which/that） is…
②（名词或代词） is a （person/ place…） who （which） gives you the impression of being…
③（名词或代词）is one of the most （形容词） （名词） I have ever seen/met/known.
④（地点名称） is a place where you can do sth.
⑤（时间名词） is a day （occasion/the time） when you do sth.
例如：
He is truly helpful. 他很乐于助人。
a. He is the kind of guy who is truly helpful.
b. He always gives others the impression of being someone who is truly helpful.
Suzhou is ancient but also modern. 苏州不仅具有古老的文化底蕴,还颇有现代气息。
a. Suzhou is the kind of city which gives you the impression of being both ancient and modern.
b. Suzhou is a place where you can appreciate both the ancient culture and modern city lifestyle.
The film is interesting. 这是一部有趣的电影。
a. This is one of the most interesting films I have ever seen.
b. This is the kind of movie which blows your mind.
说明：雅思口语话题频繁涉及人物,地点,物品,事件四大类,上表中的原句是在回答此类问题时多数考生使用的句型。其缺陷是过于简短,一不能体现语法优势,二不能凑字数争取时间。而套用句型后的表达效果就明显不一样了。可见,定语从句的使用在口语中可以起到包装,修饰的作用。
二、名词性从句
名词性从句,即指性质相当于名词的从句,它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
①The reason why I （admire him/like the place…） is that +从句
②The most important thing is that+从句
③Another thing is that+从句
④What I mean is that + 从句
⑤What I‘d like to say is that +从句
以上名词性从句①到③是引出个人观点或信息时的过渡句型,在口语表达中可以起到建构框架,使条理清晰层次分明的作用。而④和⑤则是用于进一步解释说明。
例如：The reason why I admire Yaoming is that he is a legend and also a great guy. The most important thing is that he is one of China‘s most recognizable athletes. What I mean is, his image can be seen everywhere, he is a household name. Another thing is that Yao has also participated in many charity events during his career. What I‘d like to say is that he not only donated money to relief work, but also created a foundation to help those in need.
我之所以佩服姚明,因为他是一个传奇,也是一个伟大的人。较重要的是,他是*较知名的运动员之*。我的意思是,他的形象随处可见,他的名字也是家喻户晓。另外,姚明在他的职业生涯中参加了许多慈善活动。我想说的是,他不仅捐款救灾,而且还建立了一个基金会,以便帮助有需要的人。
三、状语从句
状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词（从属连词）引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
①I first got to know him/it when + 从句（过去式）
②（名词或代词） have （动词过去分词） since +从句（过去式）
③If I had the chance, I would like to…
④If …, then it is quite possible that I will…
以上句型只需稍加变动,便可应用于多种话题。句型之间的有机组合还可成为集合,碰到没话说的时候十分顶用。
句型①：
I first got to know him when I was studying in primary school. （人物题通用）
我次了解他,是在我读小学的时候。
I first read the story when I was visiting my grandparents three years ago. （物品题通用）
在三年前访问祖父母的时候,我次读了这个故事。
I first learned how to play basketball when I was in high school. （兴趣爱好题通用）
当我读高中时,我次学会了如何打篮球。
句型②：
We have lost contact since he moved out of town.
从他搬出了城,我们就失去了联系。
句型③是虚拟语气,表达一种设想。当问题为would you like to…时,建议使用该句型。另外,还可以在无话可说时用来应急。
例如：
If I had the chance, I would like to travel to California and visit my best friend who I haven‘t seen for ages.
如果有机会,我想前往加利福尼亚,访问我的朋友,我们已经很多年没见面了。
If I had the chance, I would like to ask Yaoming to autograph my basketball.
如果有机会,我想请姚明在我的篮球上签名。
句型④是在分情况讨论问题时*备句型,也是丰富回答内容的经典招数。套用实例：
Q: What do you usually do at weekends?
你周末通常都干什么？
A: Well, it‘s hard to say. I mean, if I am with friends, then it‘s quite possible that we will go window shopping or traveling around. But if I am alone, it‘s more likely that I will just stay at home and do some washing and cleaning.
嗯,这很难说。我的意思是,如果有朋友在,我们很可能会去逛街或四处周游。但如果只有我一个人,我更有可能呆在家里做一些洗涤和清洁工作。
当然,以上两种情境还可以变换成多种可能,如按天气状况分为If it is good weather, 和If it is bad weather; 按时间多少分为If I‘ve got a lot of time,和If I am fairly busy; 等等。
